Retaining Effective Teachers Policy
Link to Evidence of Effectiveness: Maryland does not connect tenure decisions to evidence of teacher effectiveness.
Basis for Tenure: Maryland awards tenure automatically after the probationary period; it is not based on an additional process that evaluates cumulative evidence of teacher effectiveness.
Ensure that tenure decisions are based on evidence of effectiveness.
Maryland should make cumulative evidence of effectiveness, rather than number of years in the classroom, the basis for awarding teachers the leap in professional standing that tenure represents.
Maryland indicated that its basis for tenure is completion of three years probationary teaching evaluated annually for teacher effectiveness. A nontenured teacher must earn satisfactory performance to earn tenure as defined by the Education Reform Act and Code of Maryland Regulation.
The state then offered language from the Education Reform Act of 2010:
9B: Tenure
Tenure should be a significant and consequential milestone in a teacher's career. The decision to give teachers tenure (or permanent status) is usually made automatically, with little thought, deliberation or consideration of actual performance.[1] State policy should reflect the fact that initial certification is temporary and probationary, and that tenure is intended to be a significant reward for teachers who have consistently shown effectiveness and commitment.[2] Tenure and advanced certification are not rights implied by the conferring of an initial teaching certificate. No other profession, including higher education, offers practitioners tenure after only a few years of working in the field.[3]
States should also ensure that evidence of effectiveness is the preponderant (but not the only) criterion for making tenure decisions.[4] Most states confer tenure at a point that is too early for the collection of sufficient and adequate data that reflect teacher performance. Ideally, states would accumulate such data for four to five years. This robust data set would prevent effective teachers from being unfairly denied tenure based on too little data and ineffective teachers from being granted tenure.